Aktivitas Inhibisi Biokorosi dari Ekstrak Etanol-Air Daun Sembung Rambat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62278/jits.v4i1.121Keywords:
biokorosi, daun sembung rambat, ekstrak etanol-air, inhibitorAbstract
Biokorosi pada baja karbon yang disebabkan oleh aktivitas bakteri Thiobacillus ferrooxidans menjadi permasalahan serius dalam berbagai sektor industri karena dapat mempercepat degradasi logam dan menurunkan umur pakai material. Penggunaan inhibitor alami berbasis tumbuhan menjadi alternatif ramah lingkungan untuk menggantikan inhibitor sintetis yang bersifat toksik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi aktivitas inhibisi biokorosi ekstrak etanol-air daun sembung rambat terhadap baja karbon dalam media yang mengandung T. ferrooxidans. Ekstrak diperoleh menggunakan metode Folch termodifikasi dengan pelarut etanol dan bufer fosfat, kemudian diaplikasikan pada berbagai konsentrasi, yaitu 50–300 ppm. Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan metode imersi selama 24 jam dengan parameter kehilangan massa (weight loss), laju korosi, dan efisiensi inhibisi. Selain itu, efektivitas inhibitor ekstrak etanol-air daun sembung rambat dibandingkan dengan biosida komersial selama waktu imersi 24–120 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak mampu menurunkan kehilangan massa dan laju korosi baja karbon secara signifikan. Konsentrasi optimum diperoleh pada 200 ppm dengan nilai kehilangan massa sebesar 39,69 mg, laju korosi 0,0548 mg/cm²·jam, dan efisiensi inhibisi sebesar 68,21%. Namun, pada konsentrasi di atas 200 ppm terjadi penurunan efektivitas inhibisi akibat ketidakstabilan lapisan adsorpsi inhibitor. Dibandingkan biosida komersial, ekstrak daun sembung rambat menunjukkan efisiensi inhibisi yang lebih rendah, tetapi tetap memiliki kemampuan proteksi yang baik hingga 55,09% pada 120 jam. Dengan demikian, ekstrak etanol-air daun sembung rambat berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai green biocorrosion inhibitor yang ramah lingkungan dan berkelanjutan.
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